Within the industry, graphics cards are sometimes called graphics add-in-boards, abbreviated as AIBs, with the word "graphics" usually omitted. Graphics cards also have sound card capabilities to output sound – along with the video for connected TVs or monitors with integrated speakers.
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Most graphics cards offer various functions such as the accelerated rendering of 3D scenes and 2D graphics, MPEG-2/MPEG-4 decoding, TV output, or the ability to connect multiple monitors ( multi-monitor). Until 2000, 3dfx Interactive was also an important, and often groundbreaking, manufacturer. Now the majority of modern graphics cards are built with either AMD-sourced or Nvidia-sourced graphics chips.
ģdfx Interactive was one of the first companies to develop a consumer-facing GPU with 3D acceleration (with the Voodoo series) and the first to develop a graphical chipset dedicated to 3D, but without 2D support (which therefore required the presence of a 2D card to work). In the late 1980s the like of Radius offered discrete 2D QuickDraw Graphic accelerator cards for the Apple Macintosh II. Standards such as MDA, CGA, HGC, Tandy, PGC, EGA, VGA, MCGA, QuickDraw, 8514 or XGA were introduced from 1982 to 1990 and supported by a variety of hardware manufacturers. 9.6.7 Other types of connection systems.9.6.4 High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI).
9.6.3 Video In Video Out (VIVO) for S-Video, Composite video and Component video. 9.6.1 Video Graphics Array (VGA) (DE-15). Integrated GPUs are less powerful, and orientated for more casual users, such as office use, streaming of video content, and light 3d rendering. iGPUs are usually less powerful than dGPUs as they share memory and power draw with the CPU, while dGPUs have their own vRAM and power draw via PCIe adaptors.ĭiscrete GPUs are usually used by gamers, content creators, cryptominers, and professionals because they are much more powerful than iGPUs and can process more complex renders and visual lighting/shadow effects (sometimes via ray tracing). These are known as eGPUs.ĭiscrete GPUs (dGPUs) usually come in the form of graphics cards, while integrated GPUs (iGPUs) are usually in the form of APUs, an AMD marketing term for 'fusing' a GPU and CPU onto the same die. Some have been made using dedicated enclosures, which are connected to the computer via a docking station or a cable. Usually, the graphics card is made in the form of a printed circuit board (expansion board) and inserted into an expansion slot, universal or specialized (AGP, PCI Express). Graphics cards are used extensively for AI training, cryptocurrency mining and molecular simulation. In the later 2010s, there has also been a tendency to use the computing capabilities of the graphics processor to solve non-graphic tasks, which can be done through the use of OpenCL and CUDA. For example, Nvidia and AMD (previously ATI) produced cards that render the graphics pipelines OpenGL and DirectX on the hardware level. Their integrated graphics processor can perform additional processing, removing this task from the central processor of the computer. Most graphics cards are not limited to simple display output. At the core of both is the graphics processing unit (GPU), which is the main component that performs computations, but should not be confused with the graphics card as a whole, although "GPU" is often used as a metonymic shorthand to refer to graphics cards. Frequently, these are advertised as discrete or dedicated graphics cards, emphasizing the distinction between these and integrated graphics. A graphics card (also called a video card, display card, graphics adapter, vga card/vga, video adapter, or display adapter) is an expansion card which generates a feed of output images to a display device (such as a computer monitor).
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